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3PL (Third-Party Logistics): Definition, Services, Costs & Benefits

Steve Schlecht
Written by
Steve Schlecht
Published on
September 2, 2025
Updated on
December 25, 2025
Table of Contents

What is 3PL (Third-Party Logistics)?

Third-party logistics (3PL) refers to outsourcing part or all of a company’s logistics and supply chain operations to a specialized external provider. A 3PL partner manages critical functions such as warehousing, inventory management, order fulfillment, transportation, freight coordination, and reverse logistics on behalf of a business.

Third-Party Logistics (3PL) Explained in 3 Minutes

Watch the quick explainer video to discover how third-party logistics (3PL) services benefit your business and strengthen your supply chain.

In today’s supply chain environment, logistics performance directly impacts revenue, customer satisfaction, and brand reputation. Customers expect fast, accurate, and cost-effective delivery across every channel. As a result, third-party logistics has evolved from a back-end operational service into a strategic growth enabler.

For growing and enterprise-level businesses, 3PL is no longer just about saving money. It is about gaining access to scalable infrastructure, advanced technology, experienced labor, and proven processes that would be costly and time-consuming to build internally. When executed correctly, a 3PL partnership reduces risk, improves agility, and supports long-term business growth.

If you’re looking to compare specific providers, explore our guides to the largest 3PL companies and top 3PL companies based on business fit.

What Does 3PL Mean in Logistics?

In logistics, 3PL means outsourcing the execution of physical supply chain activities to a third party that sits between the business and its end customers, a model that continues to expand rapidly as global logistics demand grows. According to recent market research on the third-party logistics industry, businesses increasingly rely on 3PL providers to improve efficiency, scalability, and cost control across their supply chains.

The term is rooted in the structure of supply chain relationships:

  • First party: The business that owns the product.
  • Second party: The customer receiving the product.
  • Third party: The logistics provider managing storage, fulfillment, and transportation.

Unlike basic carriers or freight brokers, modern 3PL providers integrate directly into a company’s systems and workflows. They connect with e-commerce platforms, ERP systems, transportation management systems (TMS), and inventory software to provide real-time visibility and performance tracking. A strong 3PL functions as an extension of a company’s internal operations, not a disconnected vendor.

In simple terms, a 3PL (third-party logistics) company manages your supply chain — including warehousing, order fulfillment, inventory, and transportation — so your team can focus on growing sales instead of managing shipments.

Explore more: Buske Warehousing Services

How Does a 3PL Work? (End-to-End Process)

A modern 3PL operates through a structured, technology-driven workflow designed to maximize speed, accuracy, and cost efficiency across the supply chain.

How a 3PL (third party logistics) Works

1. Inbound Logistics & Receiving

Products are shipped from manufacturers, suppliers, or ports to the 3PL facility. Upon arrival, shipments are inspected, counted, and verified against advance shipping notices (ASNs). All inventory is logged into a warehouse management system (WMS), ensuring accuracy from day one.

2. Warehousing & Storage

Inventory is stored based on product size, handling requirements, demand velocity, and compliance needs. Storage options may include pallet racking, bin shelving, temperature-controlled environments, bonded warehouses, or secure cages for high-value or regulated goods.

3. Inventory Management & Visibility

Inventory levels are tracked in real time across one or multiple warehouse locations. Businesses gain full visibility into stock availability, turnover rates, reorder points, and aging inventory. This level of transparency reduces stockouts, overstocking, and cash flow constraints.

4. Order Processing (Pick, Pack & Ship)

When a customer places an order, the 3PL executes picking, packing, and shipping according to predefined rules and brand standards. Barcode scanning, automation, and quality control checks significantly reduce errors and improve fulfillment accuracy.

5. Transportation & Carrier Management

The 3PL selects carriers, negotiates rates, and manages shipments across parcel, LTL, FTL, intermodal, and international freight. Optimized routing and carrier selection help balance delivery speed with cost control.

6. Returns & Reverse Logistics

Returned items are received, inspected, and processed based on the client’s return policies. Products may be restocked, refurbished, quarantined, or disposed of. Efficient reverse logistics protects margins while maintaining customer trust.

7. Reporting, Analytics & Continuous Improvement

Advanced dashboards provide insight into fulfillment accuracy, order cycle times, inventory performance, and shipping costs. These insights support better forecasting, performance optimization, and strategic decision-making.

For a deeper understanding of how 3PL companies operate, check out What is 3PL?

Types of 3PL (Third-Party Logistics) Providers

Outsourcing logistics to a third-party logistics (3PL) provider can help your business scale efficiently and reduce operational costs. To choose the right partner, it’s essential to understand the main types of 3PL providers available:

  • Asset-Based 3PL Companies: These 3PL companies own trucks, warehouses, and equipment. They offer more control over physical assets and can provide consistent capacity and predictable pricing.
  • Non-Asset-Based 3PL Companies: Instead of owning assets, these 3PL providers leverage networks of carriers and warehouses. This model allows for greater flexibility and access to a wider range of outsourcing logistics solutions.
  • Regional 3PL Companies: Specialists in local and regional distribution, ideal if your operations focus on a specific area or multi-state region. They often have in-depth knowledge of regional regulations and delivery requirements.
  • National 3PL Companies: Capable of managing logistics across the entire country. National 3PL providers can support high-volume distribution and complex supply chains at scale.
  • Niche 3PL Companies: Focused on specific industries like food, automotive, or e-commerce. They bring specialized expertise and tailored solutions to unique supply chain challenges.
  • Full-Service Logistics Companies: Offer end-to-end services, from warehousing and transportation to inventory management and fulfillment. These third-party logistics partners can handle your complete logistics operation under one roof.
  • Digital or Tech-Driven 3PLs: The newest generation of logistics providers use automation, cloud WMS platforms, and API connectivity to give businesses real-time control and visibility — perfect for fast-moving eCommerce brands.

Understanding these types of 3PL providers will help you select the best fit for your business goals and operational needs. By recognizing the strengths and specializations of each type, you can make more informed decisions that support efficiency, scalability, and long-term growth.

Looking for 3PL companies near you or regional 3PL providers? Regional networks can deliver faster 1–2-day shipping in localized markets.

Core 3PL Services Explained (What This Actually Means for Your Business)

When you work with a 3PL, you’re not buying a one-size-fits-all solution. You’re getting a flexible set of services that scale with your business, your industry, and your operational complexity—so logistics supports your growth instead of slowing it down.

Here’s what most third-party logistics services include — with real-world examples to show how they streamline fulfillment.

1. Warehousing & Distribution

You gain access to strategically located warehouse space across regional and national networks. This means faster delivery to your customers, lower transportation costs, and the ability to scale up or down without locking capital into your own facilities.

Example: A food distributor uses temperature-controlled pallet storage to keep perishable products fresh before shipping to grocery chains.
Services:

  • Pallet storage
  • Shelf/bin storage
  • Cross-docking

2. Order Fulfillment

Your orders are picked, packed, and shipped through optimized workflows built for both B2B and B2C models. The result is faster turnaround times, fewer errors, and a better customer experience at scale.

Example: An online apparel brand relies on a 3PL to pick customer orders, pack them in branded boxes, and ship them directly to shoppers.
Services:

3. Inventory Management

You get real-time visibility into your inventory across every location. That allows you to forecast demand more accurately, avoid stockouts or overstocking, and make smarter replenishment decisions—without guesswork.

4. Transportation & Freight Management

Whether you’re shipping parcels, LTL, full truckloads, or managing international freight, your 3PL handles carrier relationships, routing, and execution—so you’re not constantly chasing rates or dealing with delays.

Example: A manufacturer uses a 3PL company to coordinate LTL shipments and track deliveries to multiple distribution centers nationwide.
Services:

  • Small parcel
  • LTL/FTL (Less-than-truckload/Full-truckload)
  • Freight forwarding

5. E-commerce Fulfillment

Your orders flow seamlessly through direct integrations with platforms like Shopify, Magento, and your ERP. That means real-time inventory updates, faster order processing, and fewer manual touchpoints.

6. Reverse Logistics (Returns Management)

Returns don’t have to be a loss. With structured returns processing, refurbishment, and restocking, you recover value while improving customer satisfaction and retention.

Example: An electronics company partners with a 3PL company to process customer returns, test devices, and refurbish them for resale.

7. Value-Added 3PL Services

As your operation gets more complex, services like kitting, labeling, light assembly, compliance packaging, quality inspections, and customization are handled in-house—so you don’t need to juggle multiple vendors.

Example: A cosmetics brand uses custom packaging and quality inspections to ensure products meet strict retail standards before shipping.
Services:

  • Custom packaging
  • Product assembly
  • Quality inspections
  • Barcode labeling
  • And more

The Real Benefits of Using a 3PL Provider

A strong 3PL partnership isn’t just about outsourcing logistics—it’s about making your operation leaner, faster, and more profitable without adding internal complexity.

1. Cost Optimization

You avoid major capital investments in warehouses, labor, equipment, and logistics technology. Instead, you benefit from economies of scale that would be nearly impossible to achieve on your own—turning fixed costs into flexible ones.

2. Scalability & Flexibility

Your operation can scale up or down as demand changes. Whether you’re navigating peak seasons, launching new products, or expanding into new markets, your logistics infrastructure adjusts without disruption.

3. Faster Delivery Times

With inventory positioned in strategically located warehouses, orders travel shorter distances. That means faster delivery, lower shipping costs, and a better experience for your customers.

4. Operational Efficiency

You gain access to automation, proven processes, and experienced logistics teams that reduce errors, improve accuracy, and keep orders moving on time—even as volume increases.

5. Focus on Your Core Business

By outsourcing logistics, your leadership team can focus on what actually drives growth—product innovation, sales, customer experience, and strategic expansion—instead of managing warehouse operations.

3PL vs In-House Logistics vs 4PL vs 5PL

When you’re deciding how to manage your logistics, the real question isn’t which model is best overall—it’s which model is right for your business right now. Here’s a clear breakdown to help you make that call.

  • In-House Logistics: You manage all logistics operations internally, giving you full control over processes and assets. While this offers visibility and customization, it requires high capital investment and can limit scalability as your business grows.
  • 3PL (Third-Party Logistics): A 3PL handles the execution of your logistics—such as warehousing, fulfillment, and transportation—while you retain strategic control. This model provides flexibility, scalability, and cost efficiency without the burden of owning infrastructure.
  • 4PL (Fourth-Party Logistics): A 4PL acts as a strategic partner that manages and coordinates multiple 3PL providers for you. It simplifies complex supply chains by offering centralized oversight, optimization, and performance management.
  • 5PL (Fifth-Party Logistics): A 5PL delivers end-to-end, technology-driven supply chain orchestration. This model focuses on network-wide optimization using advanced systems, automation, and data analytics to drive efficiency at scale.

The right choice depends on where your business is today—and where you want it to go tomorrow.

3PL Use Cases by Industry

No matter your industry, logistics challenges can quickly limit growth if they’re not handled correctly. A 3PL helps you align fulfillment, compliance, and scalability with your operational needs, allowing you to focus on your core business while maintaining reliable supply chain performance.

E-commerce & Direct-to-Consumer
A 3PL helps you meet fast shipping expectations while managing high order volumes and peak-season demand. You gain scalable fulfillment without sacrificing speed or customer experience.

Retail & Consumer Goods
A 3PL supports nationwide distribution, store replenishment, and omnichannel inventory visibility. This allows you to stay compliant while keeping products available across all sales channels.

Manufacturing
A 3PL manages inbound raw materials, finished goods storage, and outbound distribution. This helps you support just-in-time production while reducing inventory and transportation inefficiencies.

Food & Beverage
A 3PL provides temperature-controlled warehousing, lot tracking, and regulatory compliance. This ensures product safety, freshness, and full traceability across the supply chain.

Healthcare & Pharmaceuticals
A 3PL ensures secure handling, controlled environments, and strict regulatory compliance. This protects product integrity while supporting reliable, compliant distribution.

How Much Does a 3PL Cost?

Your 3PL costs depend on order volume, storage requirements, service complexity, and transportation needs. Pricing is typically made up of the following components:

  • Receiving and unloading fees
  • Storage fees (per pallet, bin, or cubic foot)
  • Pick and pack fees
  • Shipping and freight costs
  • Returns processing fees
  • Value-added service fees

While pricing varies by provider and volume, many businesses reduce total logistics costs by outsourcing to a 3PL due to increased efficiency, lower labor costs, and reduced overhead.

Tip: Always ask for a detailed breakdown and check for hidden charges or volume minimums.

How much does a 3PL cost? — Expect anywhere from $2–$5 per order plus storage and shipping, depending on product type and order volume.

Check out our 3PL Pricing Guide for more comprehensive details.

Common 3PL Pricing Models

Understanding how 3PL pricing works helps you control costs while supporting growth and operational efficiency. Most 3PLs offer flexible pricing structures so you can align expenses with your volume, service requirements, and long-term logistics strategy.

  • Transactional Pricing: You pay only for each activity or transaction performed, giving you flexibility as volumes fluctuate.
  • Bundled Pricing: Multiple services are rolled into a single monthly or per-order rate, making budgeting simpler and more predictable.
  • Hybrid Pricing: A mix of fixed and variable costs that balances stability with scalability as your business grows.

Choosing the right pricing model is critical to maintaining cost predictability while maximizing long-term return on investment.

Key KPIs & Metrics Used to Measure 3PL Performance

To ensure your 3PL is meeting expectations, you need clear, measurable performance indicators. Tracking the right KPIs gives you visibility into service quality, operational efficiency, and cost control while driving continuous improvement.

The most important KPIs to monitor include:

  • Order accuracy rate
  • On-time shipping percentage
  • Inventory accuracy
  • Order cycle time
  • Cost per order
  • Inventory turnover

These KPIs help you hold your 3PL accountable, identify improvement opportunities, and maintain consistent service levels as your business grows.

Top Industries That Benefit from 3PLs  

While almost every sector can gain value from outsourcing logistics, some industries see especially strong returns on investment. Partnering with an experienced third-party logistics provider can help you streamline operations, reduce costs, and meet unique supply chain demands with tailored 3PL services.

Buske’s 3PL network supports key industries like eCommerce, food & beverage, healthcare logistics, manufacturing, and retail distribution — each with specialized compliance and temperature-controlled solutions.

These sectors see the highest returns:

Top Industries That Benefit from 3PLs
Industry Logistics Needs
eCommerce 3PL services for eCommerce often include direct-to-consumer (DTC) fulfillment, same-day shipping, and automated returns processing to keep customers satisfied and loyal.
Retail & Wholesale Third-party logistics providers help retailers meet strict routing guide requirements, optimize freight consolidation, and manage complex purchase order workflows efficiently.
Health & Wellness 3PL companies offer lot control, expiration tracking, and regulatory compliance services essential for safe storage and distribution of vitamins, supplements, and health products.
Food & Beverage Outsourcing logistics in this sector often requires temperature-controlled storage, FIFO inventory management, and strict traceability to maintain product quality and compliance.

Explore our Industry Solutions for a deeper look at how Buske supports your sector.

How to Choose the Right 3PL Company or Logistics Partner

Choosing the right 3PL company (or logistics company) is one of the most important decisions in scaling your supply chain. Not all 3PLs are created equal. Below is a checklist and decision framework to guide you:

Selection Criteria for a 3PL / Logistics Company

Factor What to Look For Why It Matters
Pricing Transparency Ask for a full breakdown: storage, pick and pack, freight, surcharges. Hidden fees are a common reason businesses switch 3PLs.
Geographic and Network Coverage Do they have warehouses and transport reach across your key markets? Ensures faster transit, lower shipping zones, and reduced costs.
Technology and Integration Modern 3PLs use WMS/ERP, API/EDI connections, and real-time visibility tools. Seamless systems reduce manual work and increase accuracy.
Industry / Product Expertise Check if they have experience handling your products and compliance needs. Minimizes errors, damage, regulatory issues.
Scalability and Flexibility Can they scale labor, space, and services during peak seasons? You shouldn’t have to switch providers just to grow.
Service and SLAs Review guaranteed shipping times, accuracy metrics, and penalties for misses. Enforceable service standards show maturity.
References / Reputation Ask for case studies, client testimonials, 3PL rankings, or industry recognition. Real-world performance is a strong indicator.
Contract Terms and Exit Strategy Look for flexible terms, minimal lock-ins, clear exit procedures, and data handover. You want the ability to switch if things go wrong.
Pro tip: When doing vendor evaluations, ask each 3PL company to solve a small-scale scenario relevant to your business (e.g. “How would you handle a 25% spike in volume?”). Compare their answers, not just the price.

By applying this framework, you can filter and compare logistics companies / 3PL companies and land on a partner that truly aligns with your growth goals and operational needs.

When Should a Business Use a 3PL?

You should consider partnering with a 3PL when your current fulfillment setup is limiting your ability to scale efficiently, control costs, or meet growing customer expectations.

A business should consider a 3PL when:

  • Order volumes are increasing rapidly
  • In-house fulfillment is causing delays or errors
  • Shipping costs are rising
  • Expansion into new regions or markets is planned
  • Customer expectations exceed internal capabilities

Risks of Choosing the Wrong 3PL

Selecting the wrong 3PL can seriously disrupt your operations, damage customer trust, and increase costs—so it’s crucial to evaluate your options carefully. A poor 3PL partnership can lead to:

  • Missed or late deliveries
  • Inventory inaccuracies
  • Hidden fees and rising costs
  • Lack of transparency and reporting

Proper due diligence is critical when evaluating potential 3PL partners, including reviewing their track record, capabilities, and contract terms. Clearly defining expectations and performance metrics upfront helps ensure a successful, long-term partnership that supports your business growth.

Examples of 3PL in Action

Inside a 3PL (3rd party logistics) warehouse facility.

See how partnering with Buske Logistics unlocked faster deliveries and scalable growth for real-world clients.

At Buske Logistics, solving complex logistics challenges is what we do best. One example involves streamlining distribution for a multi-location business struggling with long delivery times and inconsistent order accuracy. By consolidating shipments and optimizing delivery routes through our advanced analytics, we reduced average delivery speed by 2 days and cut returns by 15%.

For a leading beverage distributor facing frequent stockouts and fulfillment delays, we implemented a dynamic inventory management system and integrated real-time tracking. This solution boosted inventory accuracy to over 99% and scaled fulfillment capacity to meet seasonal demand without disruption.

These real-world 3PL case studies highlight measurable impact — from reducing fulfillment costs to improving on-time delivery rates across multiple industries.

Interested in similar results? Contact Buske Logistics for a tailored 3PL solution.

For more on beverage-specific 3PL services, see our detailed guide on beverage warehousing.

For a deeper dive into the top 3PL providers for food logistics specifically, explore our guide on selecting the best food 3PL partner.

The Future of 3PL in 2026 and Beyond

The logistics future is being shaped by rapid innovation and rising customer expectations. According to the Research and Markets – 3PL Global Strategic Business Report, the global third-party logistics market was valued at $1.1 trillion in 2024 and is expected to reach $1.9 trillion by 2030, growing at a CAGR of 8.5%.

This rapid expansion is driven by advanced technologies, shifting tariffs, and the increasing focus on outsourcing logistics as a competitive advantage.

2026 Trends in 3PL Logistics

Third-party logistics is evolving quickly and here’s what’s ahead:

  • AI and Automation: Predictive analytics, demand forecasting, and automated sorting are transforming how 3PL providers optimize supply chains and improve accuracy.
  • Micro-fulfillment Centers: Expect more urban, same-day delivery hubs that bring inventory closer to customers and speed up order cycles.
  • Green Logistics: Sustainable packaging and eco-conscious transportation methods are becoming standard as brands commit to reducing their carbon footprint.
  • On-demand Warehousing: Flexible, pay-as-you-go storage networks help businesses scale up or down without long-term leases.
  • Autonomous Freight: Self-driving trucks and drones are entering pilot stages across the U.S.
  • Sustainable Warehousing: Facilities are being retrofitted with solar and energy-saving automation.
  • Blockchain: Used to validate shipments and track chain of custody.

Staying ahead means partnering with 3PLs that invest in innovation, data-driven strategies, and continuous improvement to keep you competitive in the years to come.

By 2030, AI-enabled smart warehouses, carbon-neutral logistics, and hyper-localized delivery networks will redefine 3PL operations. Businesses that partner with innovative providers today will lead tomorrow’s global supply chains.

Buske Logistics is a trusted 3PL provider with over 100 years of experience helping businesses simplify logistics. From FDA-compliant food warehousing to high-volume ecommerce fulfillment, we offer tailored, tech-driven solutions to support your growth.

Frequently Asked Questions About 3PL (Third-party Logistics)

1. What is a 3PL (third-party logistics) provider?

A 3PL provider is a company that manages logistics functions such as warehousing, inventory management, order fulfillment, transportation, and returns on behalf of another business. Companies use 3PLs to scale operations, reduce costs, and improve delivery performance without investing in their own logistics infrastructure.

2. How does a 3PL work in the supply chain?

A 3PL works by receiving products from suppliers, storing them in warehouses, managing inventory, fulfilling customer orders, and coordinating shipping and returns. Most modern 3PLs integrate directly with a business’s e-commerce platform or ERP system to provide real-time visibility and reporting.

3. What services are typically included in 3PL?

Typical 3PL services include warehousing, order fulfillment (pick, pack, and ship), inventory management, transportation and freight management, reverse logistics, and value-added services such as kitting, labeling, and assembly. Services can be customized based on industry and business needs.

4. How much does a 3PL cost?

The cost of a 3PL depends on order volume, storage requirements, fulfillment complexity, and transportation needs. Pricing usually includes receiving fees, storage fees, pick-and-pack costs, shipping charges, and optional value-added services, with models ranging from transactional to bundled pricing.

5. What is the difference between 3PL and in-house logistics?

In-house logistics means a company manages warehousing, labor, and shipping internally, while a 3PL outsources those functions to an external partner. Businesses typically choose a 3PL when they need scalability, lower overhead, faster delivery, or access to logistics expertise they don’t have internally.

6. When should a business use a 3PL?

A business should consider using a 3PL when order volumes increase, fulfillment errors rise, shipping costs grow, or expansion into new regions is planned. 3PLs are especially valuable during rapid growth, peak seasons, or when customer delivery expectations exceed internal capabilities.

7. What are the benefits of using a 3PL provider?

The main benefits of using a 3PL include cost savings, scalability, faster shipping, improved inventory accuracy, and reduced operational risk. By outsourcing logistics, businesses can focus on core activities like sales, marketing, and product development while improving customer satisfaction.

Why Leading Brands Partner with Buske Logistics

Buske Logistics is a trusted third-party logistics provider offering scalable warehousing, fulfillment, and transportation solutions across the United States. With advanced technology, nationwide facilities, and decades of experience, Buske helps businesses reduce risk, control costs, and build resilient supply chains.

Next Step: Explore Buske’s 3PL services or speak with our logistics expert to see how the right third-party logistics partner can transform your supply chain.

Glossary of 3PL Terms

Understanding logistics terminology is key to making informed decisions about your supply chain. This glossary explains essential 3PL terms you’ll encounter when outsourcing logistics to a third-party provider.

  • SKU (Stock Keeping Unit): A unique identifier assigned to each product or item in your inventory. SKUs help track stock levels, sales, and fulfillment accuracy.
  • WMS (Warehouse Management System): A software platform that manages warehouse operations like receiving, picking, packing, and shipping. A WMS is essential for real-time inventory visibility in third-party logistics.
  • FTL (Full Truckload) / LTL (Less Than Truckload): FTL means a shipment that fills an entire truck, while LTL combines multiple shippers’ freight in one trailer. FTL is usually faster, but LTL is more cost-effective for smaller loads.
  • EDI (Electronic Data Interchange): A standardized system that allows electronic exchange of documents such as purchase orders, invoices, and shipping notices. EDI integration streamlines communication between your business and your 3PL provider.
  • OMS (Order Management System): Software that tracks and manages customer orders across sales channels. An OMS integrates with WMS and other tools to automate fulfillment workflows.
  • SLA (Service Level Agreement): A contract defining the performance standards your 3PL must meet, such as order accuracy, delivery times, and response rates. SLAs protect your business and set clear expectations.
  • FIFO (First In, First Out): An inventory management method where the oldest stock is shipped first. FIFO helps prevent spoilage and ensures products remain within shelf life, especially in food and health industries.
  • Kitting: The process of combining multiple products into a single package or kit before shipping. Kitting is often used for subscription boxes, promotional bundles, and product assemblies.